METABOLOMIC DATA
Metabolite Encyclopedia
Over 2,000 metabolites mapped in AHARA's Reishi and Lion's Mane extracts via dual-panel CE-MS and LC-MS mass spectrometry. The 513 with the clearest documented roles are profiled in depth below.
Primary data: AHARA Metabolome Dataset, Zenodo (CC BY 4.0), DOI 10.5281/zenodo.21905399.
2,000+
Metabolites Mapped
513
Profiled in Depth
17
Metabolic Pathways
0
Higher in Reishi
0
Higher in Lion's Mane
Metabolite deep dives
Full profiles for the metabolites we have characterized most closely.
Lipid & Membrane Metabolism
★ 10 key65 compounds▾
The healthy fats that build and protect every cell in your body.
| Compound | What It Does | Higher In | Category |
|---|---|---|---|
| ★2-Arachidonoylglycerol | An endocannabinoid the body makes from fats, part of its natural endocannabinoid signaling system. | Reishi | Lipid |
| ★Arachidonic acid | An omega-6 fatty acid that is a key part of cell membranes and a starting point for the body's signaling molecules. | Reishi | Lipid |
| ★Cholic acid | A bile acid that helps the body break down and absorb dietary fats and acts as a signal in the gut. | Reishi | Lipid |
| ★Ergocalciferol-1 / Ergosterol | A mushroom sterol, the natural building block the body and sunlight convert toward vitamin D, supporting membranes and bone health. | Reishi | Lipid |
| ★Lactosylceramide(d18:1 / 24:1) | A healthy fat that helps build cell walls and supports nerve health. | Lion's Mane | Lipid |
| ★Lanosterol | A natural sterol that is an early building block in the body's pathway for making cholesterol and steroid hormones. | Reishi | Lipid |
| ★Linoleic acid | An essential omega-6 fatty acid the body cannot make on its own, important for healthy skin and cell membranes. | Reishi | Lipid |
| ★Oleic acid | A heart-friendly omega-9 fatty acid, the main fat in olive oil, that supports flexible, healthy cell membranes. | Lion's Mane | Lipid |
| ★Palmitic acid | A common saturated fatty acid the body uses as a building block for membranes and as an energy store. | Reishi | Lipid |
| ★Stearic acid | A saturated fatty acid used as a structural building block in cell membranes and as stored energy. | Lion's Mane | Lipid |
| 1,2-Dipalmitoyl-glycero-3-phosphoethanolamine | A fatty building block that forms the structure of every cell wall and helps cells send signals. | Reishi | Lipid |
| 1,2-Dipalmitoyl-glycero-3-phosphoglycerol | A fatty building block that forms the structure of every cell wall and helps cells send signals. | Reishi | Lipid |
| 1-Myristoyl-glycero-3-phosphoethanolamine | A fatty building block that forms the structure of every cell wall and helps cells send signals. | Reishi | Lipid |
| 1-Palmitoyl-glycero-3-phosphoethanolamine | A fatty building block that forms the structure of every cell wall and helps cells send signals. | Reishi | Lipid |
| 12-Ketolithocholic acid | A bile acid that helps the body break down and absorb dietary fats and acts as a signal in the gut. | Reishi | Lipid |
| 19-Methylarachidic acid / Heneicosanoic acid | A long-chain fatty acid that contributes to the structure of cell membranes. | Lion's Mane | Lipid |
| 2-Phosphoglyceric acid | A step the body uses to turn sugar into usable cellular energy. | Reishi | Lipid |
| 3-Dehydrochenodeoxycholic acid | A bile acid that helps the body break down and absorb dietary fats and acts as a signal in the gut. | Reishi | Lipid |
| 3-Oxocholic acid | A bile acid that helps the body break down and absorb dietary fats and acts as a signal in the gut. | Reishi | Lipid |
| 3-Phosphoglyceric acid | A step the body uses to turn sugar into usable cellular energy. | Reishi | Lipid |
| 7-Ketolithocholic acid | A bile acid that helps the body break down and absorb dietary fats and acts as a signal in the gut. | Reishi | Lipid |
| 7α-Hydroxycholesterol-1 | A sterol derivative that helps build cell membranes and serves as a building block for hormone-like molecules. | Lion's Mane | Lipid |
| 7α-Hydroxycholesterol-2 | A sterol derivative that helps build cell membranes and serves as a building block for hormone-like molecules. | Lion's Mane | Lipid |
| Allocholic acid-1 / Hyocholic acid-1 | A bile acid that helps the body break down and absorb dietary fats and acts as a signal in the gut. | Lion's Mane | Lipid |
| Allocholic acid-2 / Hyocholic acid-2 | A bile acid that helps the body break down and absorb dietary fats and acts as a signal in the gut. | Reishi | Lipid |
| Arachidic acid | A long-chain saturated fatty acid that contributes to cell membrane structure. | Reishi | Lipid |
| Cholesterol sulfate | A sterol derivative that helps build cell membranes and serves as a building block for hormone-like molecules. | Reishi | Lipid |
| Cholic acid 7-sulfate-1 | A bile acid that helps the body break down and absorb dietary fats and acts as a signal in the gut. | Lion's Mane | Lipid |
| Cholic acid 7-sulfate-2 | A bile acid that helps the body break down and absorb dietary fats and acts as a signal in the gut. | Lion's Mane | Lipid |
| Ethyl arachidonate-1 | The ester form of arachidonic acid, a fatty acid involved in membrane structure and signaling. | Lion's Mane | Lipid |
| Ethyl arachidonate-2 | The ester form of arachidonic acid, a fatty acid involved in membrane structure and signaling. | Reishi | Lipid |
| Fatty acid(12:1)-1 | A naturally occurring fatty acid that the body uses to build cell membranes and carry signals. | Reishi | Lipid |
| Fatty acid(12:1)-2 | A naturally occurring fatty acid that the body uses to build cell membranes and carry signals. | Reishi | Lipid |
| Fatty acid(13:0)-1 | A naturally occurring fatty acid that the body uses to build cell membranes and carry signals. | Reishi | Lipid |
| Fatty acid(13:0)-2 | A naturally occurring fatty acid that the body uses to build cell membranes and carry signals. | Reishi | Lipid |
| Fatty acid(14:1)-1 | A naturally occurring fatty acid that the body uses to build cell membranes and carry signals. | Reishi | Lipid |
| Fatty acid(14:1)-2 | A naturally occurring fatty acid that the body uses to build cell membranes and carry signals. | Reishi | Lipid |
| Fatty acid(14:3) | A naturally occurring fatty acid that the body uses to build cell membranes and carry signals. | Reishi | Lipid |
| Fatty acid(15:1)-1 | A naturally occurring fatty acid that the body uses to build cell membranes and carry signals. | Lion's Mane | Lipid |
| Fatty acid(15:1)-2 | A naturally occurring fatty acid that the body uses to build cell membranes and carry signals. | Lion's Mane | Lipid |
| Fatty acid(16:2) | A naturally occurring fatty acid that the body uses to build cell membranes and carry signals. | Reishi | Lipid |
| Fatty acid(16:3) | A naturally occurring fatty acid that the body uses to build cell membranes and carry signals. | Reishi | Lipid |
| Fatty acid(17:2) | A naturally occurring fatty acid that the body uses to build cell membranes and carry signals. | Reishi | Lipid |
| Fatty acid(17:3) | A naturally occurring fatty acid that the body uses to build cell membranes and carry signals. | Reishi | Lipid |
| Fatty acid(19:0) | A naturally occurring fatty acid that the body uses to build cell membranes and carry signals. | Lion's Mane | Lipid |
| Fatty acid(19:2) | A naturally occurring fatty acid that the body uses to build cell membranes and carry signals. | Reishi | Lipid |
| Fatty acid(25:0) | A naturally occurring fatty acid that the body uses to build cell membranes and carry signals. | Lion's Mane | Lipid |
| Fatty acid(26:0) | A naturally occurring fatty acid that the body uses to build cell membranes and carry signals. | Lion's Mane | Lipid |
| Glycerophosphorylethanolamine | A fatty building block that forms the structure of every cell wall and helps cells send signals. | Lion's Mane | Lipid |
| Glycochenodeoxycholic acid | A bile acid that helps the body break down and absorb dietary fats and acts as a signal in the gut. | Reishi | Lipid |
| Glycohyodeoxycholic acid | A bile acid that helps the body break down and absorb dietary fats and acts as a signal in the gut. | Reishi | Lipid |
| Isochenodeoxycholic acid-2 | A bile acid that helps the body break down and absorb dietary fats and acts as a signal in the gut. | Lion's Mane | Lipid |
| Lithocholic acid | A bile acid that helps the body break down and absorb dietary fats and acts as a signal in the gut. | Lion's Mane | Lipid |
| Murideoxycholic acid / Isoursodeoxycholic acid-1 | A bile acid that helps the body break down and absorb dietary fats and acts as a signal in the gut. | Lion's Mane | Lipid |
| Myristoleic acid | An omega-5 fatty acid found in natural fats that contributes to cell membrane structure. | Reishi | Lipid |
| Palmitoleic acid | An omega-7 fatty acid studied for supporting healthy metabolism and cell membranes. | Reishi | Lipid |
| Ricinoleic acid-1 | An unsaturated fatty acid studied for its soothing and barrier-supporting properties. | Lion's Mane | Lipid |
| Ricinoleic acid-2 | An unsaturated fatty acid studied for its soothing and barrier-supporting properties. | Reishi | Lipid |
| Ricinoleic acid-3 | An unsaturated fatty acid studied for its soothing and barrier-supporting properties. | Reishi | Lipid |
| Taurochenodeoxycholic acid | A bile acid that helps the body break down and absorb dietary fats and acts as a signal in the gut. | Lion's Mane | Lipid |
| Taurocholic acid | A bile acid that helps the body break down and absorb dietary fats and acts as a signal in the gut. | Lion's Mane | Lipid |
| Taurocholic acid 3-sulfate | A bile acid that helps the body break down and absorb dietary fats and acts as a signal in the gut. | Reishi | Lipid |
| Taurolithocholic acid | A bile acid that helps the body break down and absorb dietary fats and acts as a signal in the gut. | Lion's Mane | Lipid |
| α-Muricholic acid-1 | A bile acid that helps the body break down and absorb dietary fats and acts as a signal in the gut. | Lion's Mane | Lipid |
| α-Muricholic acid-2 / β-Muricholic acid | A bile acid that helps the body break down and absorb dietary fats and acts as a signal in the gut. | Lion's Mane | Lipid |
Amino Acid Metabolism
★ 2 key85 compounds▾
The protein building blocks your body uses to grow, repair, and make brain messengers.
| Compound | What It Does | Higher In | Category |
|---|---|---|---|
| ★Asp | Aspartic acid, a non-essential amino acid that serves as a brain messenger and supports energy production in the cellular energy cycle. | Lion's Mane | Amino Acid |
| ★Delphinidin 3-glucoside | An anthocyanin pigment with potent antioxidant and anti-inflammatory neuroprotective effects. | Reishi | Amino Acid |
| 2-Hydroxyglutaric acid | An organic acid involved in how cells make energy and control which genes turn on. | Reishi | Amino Acid |
| 3-Hydroxy-3-methylglutaric acid | A step the body uses when breaking down protein and making cholesterol. | Reishi | Amino Acid |
| 6-Phosphogluconic acid | A pentose phosphate pathway step that generates NADPH for antioxidant defense and production. | Reishi | Amino Acid Lipid |
| Apigenin 7-glucoside-1 | A glycosylated flavonoid with anti-inflammatory and neuroprotective properties. | Lion's Mane | Amino Acid |
| Apigenin 7-glucoside-2 | A plant antioxidant that crosses the blood-brain barrier and helps balance the brain’s calming signals. | Lion's Mane | Amino Acid |
| Apigenin 8-glucoside-1 / Genistin-1 | A C-glycosyl flavonoid with antioxidant activity and potential anxiolytic effects. | Lion's Mane | Amino Acid |
| Apigenin 8-glucoside-2 / Genistin-2 | A plant antioxidant that exhibits anti-inflammatory and free radical scavenging activity. | Lion's Mane | Amino Acid |
| Arg-Glu | A dipeptide of arginine and glutamate involved in nitrogen metabolism and nitric oxide signaling. | Lion's Mane | Amino Acid |
| Aspartame | A dipeptide derivative (aspartate-phenylalanine) that occurs naturally in trace amounts during protein metabolism. | Reishi | Amino Acid |
| Chenodeoxycholic acid 3-β-D-glucuronide | A processed bile acid involved in cholesterol excretion and liver and gut signaling. | Reishi | Amino Acid Lipid |
| Estriol 16α-glucuronide | A processed estrogen metabolite involved in hormone detoxification and excretion. | Reishi | Amino Acid |
| Estrone 3-glucuronide-1 | A glucuronidated estrogen metabolite that reflects estrogen metabolism and detoxification capacity. | Reishi | Amino Acid |
| Estrone 3-glucuronide-2 | A processed form of estrogen involved in hormone balance and the liver’s clearance process. | Reishi | Amino Acid |
| Etiocholan-3α-ol-17-one glucuronide | A processed form the body makes to safely process and clear compounds, part of natural detoxification. | Reishi | Amino |
| Formononetin 7-glucoside | A plant polyphenol studied for its antioxidant activity. | Reishi | Amino |
| Galactosamine-2 / Glucosamine | An amino sugar the body uses to build connective tissue and cell-surface structures. | Lion's Mane | Amino |
| Galacturonic acid / Glucuronic acid | A sugar or sugar-acid the body uses as fuel and a building block for energy metabolism. | Lion's Mane | Amino |
| Glu | An amino acid building block the body uses to make proteins and support metabolism. | Reishi | Amino |
| Glu-Glu | A small peptide of amino acids the body uses as a building block and signal. | Lion's Mane | Amino |
| Glucaric acid | A sugar or sugar-acid the body uses as fuel and a building block for energy metabolism. | Lion's Mane | Amino |
| Gluconic acid | A sugar or sugar-acid the body uses as fuel and a building block for energy metabolism. | Lion's Mane | Amino |
| Glucosaminic acid | An amino sugar the body uses to build connective tissue and cell-surface structures. | Reishi | Amino |
| Glucose 1-phosphate | A sugar or sugar-acid the body uses as fuel and a building block for energy metabolism. | Reishi | Amino |
| Glucose 6-phosphate | A sugar or sugar-acid the body uses as fuel and a building block for energy metabolism. | Lion's Mane | Amino |
| Glucosylceramide(d18:1 / 24:1) | A healthy fat that helps build nerve cells and supports how they communicate. | Reishi | Amino |
| Gly-Asp | A small peptide of amino acids the body uses as a building block and signal. | Lion's Mane | Amino |
| H-Asp(Gly-OH)-OH | A small peptide of the amino acids aspartate and glycine that the body uses as a building block. | Reishi | Amino |
| His-Glu | A small peptide of amino acids the body uses as a building block and signal. | Lion's Mane | Amino |
| Lithocholic acid 3-O-glucuronide | A processed form the body makes to safely process and clear compounds, part of natural detoxification. | Lion's Mane | Amino |
| Luteolin 7-glucoside-1 | A plant polyphenol studied for its antioxidant activity. | Lion's Mane | Amino |
| Luteolin 7-glucoside-2 | A plant polyphenol studied for its antioxidant activity. | Reishi | Amino |
| Luteolin 7-glucoside-3 | A plant polyphenol studied for its antioxidant activity. | Lion's Mane | Amino |
| Monomethyl glutaric acid | An organic acid step in amino-acid and energy metabolism. | Reishi | Amino |
| N-Acetylasparagine | A stored form of the amino acid asparagine that the body draws on for protein building and metabolism. | Reishi | Amino |
| N-Acetylglucosamine 1-phosphate | An amino sugar the body uses to build connective tissue and cell-surface structures. | Reishi | Amino |
| N-Acetylglucosylamine | An amino sugar the body uses to build connective tissue and cell-surface structures. | Reishi | Amino |
| N-Acetylglutamine | A gentle, stable form of glutamine, an amino acid the gut and muscles use as fuel and a building block. | Lion's Mane | Amino |
| N5-Ethylglutamine | A natural relative of glutamine, an amino acid the body uses for gut repair and steady energy. | Reishi | Amino |
| Peonidin 3-glucoside | A plant polyphenol studied for its antioxidant activity. | Reishi | Amino |
| Pyroglutamine | A cyclized form of glutamine that has been studied for its role in memory and mental clarity. | Reishi | Amino |
| Ser-Glu | A small peptide of amino acids the body uses as a building block and signal. | Lion's Mane | Amino |
| Tectorigenin 7-O-xylosylglucoside | A plant polyphenol studied for its antioxidant activity. | Lion's Mane | Amino |
| Testosterone glucuronide-1 | A processed form of a steroid hormone involved in energy and body composition. | Lion's Mane | Amino |
| Testosterone glucuronide-2 | A processed form of a steroid hormone involved in energy and body composition. | Lion's Mane | Amino |
| Thr-Asp | A small peptide of amino acids the body uses as a building block and signal. | Lion's Mane | Amino |
| Tyr-Glu | A small peptide of amino acids the body uses as a building block and signal. | Lion's Mane | Amino |
| dTDP-glucose | A sugar or sugar-acid the body uses as fuel and a building block for energy metabolism. | Reishi | Amino |
| β-Asp-Leu | A small peptide of amino acids the body uses as a building block and signal. | Lion's Mane | Amino |
| β-Estradiol 17-glucuronide-1 | A processed form the body makes to safely process and clear compounds, part of natural detoxification. | Reishi | Amino |
| β-Estradiol 17-glucuronide-2 | A processed form the body makes to safely process and clear compounds, part of natural detoxification. | Reishi | Amino |
| γ-Glu-Ala | A small peptide involved in the body's antioxidant (glutathione) system. | Reishi | Amino |
| γ-Glu-Arg_divalent | A small peptide involved in the body's antioxidant (glutathione) system. | Lion's Mane | Amino |
| γ-Glu-Asn | A small peptide involved in the body's antioxidant (glutathione) system. | Reishi | Amino |
| γ-Glu-Gln | A small peptide involved in the body's antioxidant (glutathione) system. | Reishi | Amino |
| γ-Glu-Glu | A small peptide involved in the body's antioxidant (glutathione) system. | Reishi | Amino |
| γ-Glu-Ile / γ-Glu-Leu | A small peptide involved in the body's antioxidant (glutathione) system. | Reishi | Amino |
| γ-Glu-Ornitine-1 | A small peptide involved in the body's antioxidant (glutathione) system. | Reishi | Amino |
| γ-Glu-Ornitine-2 / H-Asp(Lys-OH)-OH | A small peptide involved in the body's antioxidant (glutathione) system. | Lion's Mane | Amino |
| γ-Glu-Phe | A small peptide involved in the body's antioxidant (glutathione) system. | Reishi | Amino |
| γ-Glu-Ser | A small peptide involved in the body's antioxidant (glutathione) system. | Lion's Mane | Amino |
| γ-Glu-Thr | A small peptide involved in the body's antioxidant (glutathione) system. | Reishi | Amino |
| γ-Glu-Tyr | A small peptide involved in the body's antioxidant (glutathione) system. | Reishi | Amino |
| γ-Glu-Val-Gly | A small peptide involved in the body's antioxidant (glutathione) system. | Lion's Mane | Amino |
| Gly | Glycine, the simplest amino acid, which the body uses to build collagen and glutathione and as a calming messenger in the brain and spinal cord. | Reishi | Amino Acid |
| Ser | Serine, an amino acid the body uses to build cell membranes and to make glycine and other brain messengers. | Lion's Mane | Amino Acid |
| Trp | Tryptophan, an essential amino acid the body uses to make serotonin and, from serotonin, melatonin. | Reishi | Amino Acid |
| Tyr | Tyrosine, an amino acid the body uses to make dopamine and other focus and alertness messengers. | Reishi | Amino Acid |
| Phe | Phenylalanine, an essential amino acid the body converts into tyrosine, the starting point for dopamine. | Reishi | Amino Acid |
| Leu | Leucine, an essential branched-chain amino acid that signals muscle cells to build new protein. | Lion's Mane | Amino Acid |
| Ile | Isoleucine, an essential branched-chain amino acid the body uses for muscle protein and energy. | Reishi | Amino Acid |
| Val | Valine, an essential branched-chain amino acid the body uses for muscle protein and energy. | Reishi | Amino Acid |
| Met | Methionine, an essential sulfur-containing amino acid that feeds the body's methyl-donor (methylation) system. | Lion's Mane | Amino Acid |
| Thr | Threonine, an essential amino acid used to build proteins, including the protective mucus that lines the gut. | Lion's Mane | Amino Acid |
| Lys | Lysine, an essential amino acid the body uses to build proteins and collagen and to make carnitine. | Lion's Mane | Amino Acid |
| Arg | Arginine, an amino acid the body uses to make nitric oxide, a signaling molecule involved in blood vessel tone. | Lion's Mane | Amino Acid |
| His | Histidine, an essential amino acid the body uses to make histamine and carnosine. | Reishi | Amino Acid |
| Pro | Proline, an amino acid that is one of the main building blocks of collagen. | Reishi | Amino Acid |
| Ala | Alanine, an amino acid that shuttles energy between muscle and liver. | Reishi | Amino Acid |
| Asn | Asparagine, an amino acid the body uses to build proteins and to move nitrogen between tissues. | Lion's Mane | Amino Acid |
| Gln | Glutamine, the body's most abundant amino acid, used as fuel by the cells lining the gut and by immune cells. | Reishi | Amino Acid |
| β-Ala | Beta-alanine, an amino acid the body uses to make carnosine, a buffer found in muscle and brain tissue. | Reishi | Amino Acid |
| Citrulline | An amino acid in the urea cycle that the body recycles into arginine. | Reishi | Amino Acid |
| Ornithine | An amino acid in the urea cycle, which the body uses to clear excess nitrogen. | Lion's Mane | Amino Acid |
Inflammation & Immune Response
37 compounds▾
The natural signals your body uses to manage inflammation and defend itself.
| Compound | What It Does | Higher In | Category |
|---|
| 11β-Prostaglandin F2α | An inflammation signal involved in inflammatory signaling and muscle tone. | Reishi | Inflammation |
| 12(S)-HETE | A hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acid involved in inflammation, platelet aggregation, and immune cell migration. | Reishi | Other |
| 12(S)-HPETE-1 | A fat-derived signal the body makes as part of its inflammation response. | Reishi | Other |
| 12(S)-HPETE-3 | A hydroperoxy fatty acid step in arachidonic acid metabolism and inflammatory signaling. | Reishi | Other |
| 13,14-Dihydro-15-keto-prostaglandin D2-2 | A breakdown product of an inflammation signal, associated with the winding-down of inflammation. | Reishi | Inflammation |
| 13,14-Dihydro-15-keto-prostaglandin E1-1 / 13,14-Dihydro-15-keto-prostaglandin F2α-1 | An inflammation signal breakdown product used as a sign of inflammation. | Reishi | Inflammation |
| 13,14-Dihydro-15-keto-prostaglandin E1-2 / 13,14-Dihydro-15-keto-prostaglandin F2α-2 | An inflammation signal metabolite indicating resolution of acute inflammatory responses. | Reishi | Inflammation |
| 13,14-Dihydro-15-keto-prostaglandin E1-3 / 13,14-Dihydro-15-keto-prostaglandin F2α-3 | An inflammation-related compound involved in the winding-down of inflammation. | Reishi | Inflammation |
| 13,14-Dihydro-15-keto-prostaglandin E2-3 / 13,14-Dihydro-15-keto-prostaglandin D2-1 | An inflammation signal breakdown product that serves as a sign of inflammation activity. | Lion's Mane | Inflammation |
| 13,14-Dihydro-19(R)-hydroxy-prostaglandin E1 | An inflammation-related compound involved in blood flow and inflammatory signaling. | Lion's Mane | Inflammation |
| 13,14-Dihydro-prostaglandin E1-1 | An inflammation-related compound involved in inflammatory signaling and blood flow. | Reishi | Inflammation |
| 13,14-Dihydro-prostaglandin E1-2 | An inflammation-related compound involved in muscle tone and inflammatory signaling. | Lion's Mane | Inflammation |
| 15(S)-HETE | A fat-derived signal involved in the immune response. | Reishi | Other |
| 15(S)-HPETE-2 / 12(S)-HPETE-2 | A hydroperoxy fatty acid that serves as a building block the body uses to make anti-inflammatory lipoxins. | Reishi | Other |
| 15-Deoxy-Δ12,14-prostaglandin D2-1 | A signaling lipid associated with the winding-down of inflammation. | Reishi | Inflammation |
| 15-Deoxy-Δ12,14-prostaglandin D2-2 | A signaling lipid the body uses to regulate its natural inflammation and immune response. | Lion's Mane | Inflammation |
| 15-Deoxy-Δ12,14-prostaglandin J2 | A signaling lipid the body uses to regulate its natural inflammation and immune response. | Reishi | Inflammation |
| 15-Keto-prostaglandin E2-1 | A signaling lipid the body uses to regulate its natural inflammation and immune response. | Lion's Mane | Inflammation |
| 15-Keto-prostaglandin E2-2 | A signaling lipid the body uses to regulate its natural inflammation and immune response. | Lion's Mane | Inflammation |
| 15-Methyl prostaglandin F2α | A signaling lipid the body uses to regulate its natural inflammation and immune response. | Lion's Mane | Inflammation |
| 5-HEPE / 15(S)-HPETE-1 | A signaling lipid the body uses to regulate its natural inflammation and immune response. | Reishi | Inflammation |
| 6-Keto-prostaglandin E1 | A signaling lipid the body uses to regulate its natural inflammation and immune response. | Lion's Mane | Inflammation |
| 6-Keto-prostaglandin F1α | A signaling lipid the body uses to regulate its natural inflammation and immune response. | Reishi | Inflammation |
| Fucoxanthin-1 | A natural carotenoid pigment studied for antioxidant and metabolic support. | Reishi | Inflammation |
| Fucoxanthin-2 | A natural carotenoid pigment studied for antioxidant and metabolic support. | Reishi | Inflammation |
| Leukotriene B4-1 | A signaling lipid the body uses to regulate its natural inflammation and immune response. | Reishi | Inflammation |
| Leukotriene B4-2 | A signaling lipid the body uses to regulate its natural inflammation and immune response. | Reishi | Inflammation |
| Prostaglandin A1 / Prostaglandin B1-1 | A signaling lipid the body uses to regulate its natural inflammation and immune response. | Reishi | Inflammation |
| Prostaglandin A2 / Prostaglandin J2 | A signaling lipid the body uses to regulate its natural inflammation and immune response. | Lion's Mane | Inflammation |
| Prostaglandin B1-2 | A signaling lipid the body uses to regulate its natural inflammation and immune response. | Reishi | Inflammation |
| Prostaglandin B3 / Prostaglandin A3 | A signaling lipid the body uses to regulate its natural inflammation and immune response. | Lion's Mane | Inflammation |
| Prostaglandin D3-1 | A signaling lipid the body uses to regulate its natural inflammation and immune response. | Lion's Mane | Inflammation |
| Prostaglandin D3-2 | A signaling lipid the body uses to regulate its natural inflammation and immune response. | Lion's Mane | Inflammation |
| Prostaglandin D3-3 | A signaling lipid the body uses to regulate its natural inflammation and immune response. | Reishi | Inflammation |
| Prostaglandin E2 | A signaling lipid the body uses to regulate its natural inflammation and immune response. | Lion's Mane | Inflammation |
| Prostaglandin F1α | A signaling lipid the body uses to regulate its natural inflammation and immune response. | Lion's Mane | Inflammation |
| Prostaglandin F2α | A signaling lipid the body uses to regulate its natural inflammation and immune response. | Reishi | Inflammation |
One-Carbon & Methylation
★ 1 key38 compounds▾
Compounds your body uses to control which genes turn on and to build brain messengers.
| Compound | What It Does | Higher In | Category |
|---|---|---|---|
| ★Betaine | A methyl donor that supports homocysteine metabolism, liver function, and cellular osmoregulation. | Reishi | Other |
| 1-Methyl-4-imidazoleacetic acid | A histamine metabolite produced by gene regulation, reflecting histamine turnover in the brain and periphery. | Reishi | Other |
| 2-Amino-2-methyl-1-propanol | An amino alcohol involved in lipid metabolism and used as a buffer in biochemical reactions. | Reishi | Other |
| 2-Methylserine | A methylated amino acid derivative involved in one-carbon metabolism and folate cycling. | Reishi | Other |
| 24-Methylenecycloartanol-1 | A plant sterol building block found in fungi that supports membrane integrity and steroid production. | Lion's Mane | Other |
| 24-Methylenecycloartanol-2 | A cycloartane-type triterpenoid involved in ergosterol production in mushrooms. | Lion's Mane | Other |
| 4-Methyl-2-oxovaleric acid / 3-Methyl-2-oxovaleric acid / 2-Oxohexanoic acid | A branched-chain keto acid from leucine breakdown, important for energy production during fasting. | Lion's Mane | Other |
| 4-Methyl-5-thiazoleethanol | A thiamine (vitamin B1) breakdown product involved in energy metabolism and nerve function. | Lion's Mane | Other |
| 4-Methylaminobutyric acid / 5-Aminovaleric acid | A compound related to GABA, involved in the brain's inhibitory (calming) signaling. | Reishi | Other |
| 4-Trimethylammoniobutanal | A carnitine production step essential for fatty acid transport into mitochondria. | Reishi | Other |
| 5,6-Dimethylbenzimidazole | The lower ligand of vitamin B12, essential for gene regulation reactions and red blood cell formation. | Reishi | Other |
| 5-Methylfuran-2-carboxylic acid | A furan derivative from carbohydrate metabolism with potential antioxidant properties. | Lion's Mane | Other |
| Betaine aldehyde_+H2O | A step the body uses to make betaine, which supports healthy gene activity. | Reishi | Other |
| Carboxymethyllysine | An advanced glycation end-product (AGE) marker linked to cell stress and aging processes. | Lion's Mane | Other |
| Crotonic acid betaine | A fat-carrier molecule the body uses to turn fat into energy in its cellular power plants. | Reishi | Other |
| Epigallocatechin 3-O-(3-O-methyl)gallate | A plant polyphenol studied for its antioxidant activity. | Lion's Mane | One-Carbon |
| Episesamin | A sesame-seed lignan studied for its antioxidant support and help with healthy fat metabolism. | Reishi | One-Carbon |
| Galactosamine-1 / Mannosamine | An amino sugar the body uses to build connective tissue and cell-surface structures. | Lion's Mane | One-Carbon |
| Gallocatechin 3-methylgallate | A plant polyphenol studied for its antioxidant activity. | Lion's Mane | One-Carbon |
| Hexanoic acid / 4-Methylpentanoic acid | A short or medium-chain fatty acid the body uses as fuel and a building block. | Reishi | One-Carbon |
| Methionine sulfoxide | A marker the body forms when it neutralizes cell stress, part of its natural antioxidant defense. | Lion's Mane | One-Carbon |
| Methyl sulfate | A methyl-donor or gene regulation product the body uses to regulate genes and balance brain messengers. | Reishi | One-Carbon |
| Methylguanidine | A methyl-donor or gene regulation product the body uses to regulate genes and balance brain messengers. | Lion's Mane | One-Carbon |
| N-Methylphenylethanolamine | A trace amine related to the body's natural mood and alertness messengers. | Reishi | One-Carbon |
| N-Methylproline | A methyl-donor or gene regulation product the body uses to regulate genes and balance brain messengers. | Reishi | One-Carbon |
| N-Methylputrescine / Cadaverine | A polyamine the body uses to support healthy cell growth and renewal. | Reishi | One-Carbon |
| N6,N6,N6-Trimethyllysine | A methyl-donor or gene regulation product the body uses to regulate genes and balance brain messengers. | Reishi | One-Carbon |
| N6,N6-Dimethyllysine | A methyl-donor or gene regulation product the body uses to regulate genes and balance brain messengers. | Reishi | One-Carbon |
| N6-Methyllysine | A methyl-donor or gene regulation product the body uses to regulate genes and balance brain messengers. | Reishi | One-Carbon |
| Nω-(Carboxymethyl)arginine | A methyl-donor or gene regulation product the body uses to regulate genes and balance brain messengers. | Reishi | One-Carbon |
| Nω-Methylarginine | A methyl-donor or gene regulation product the body uses to regulate genes and balance brain messengers. | Lion's Mane | One-Carbon |
| Pimelic acid / 3-Methyladipic acid | A short or medium-chain fatty acid the body uses as fuel and a building block. | Lion's Mane | One-Carbon |
| S-Carboxymethylcysteine | A methyl-donor or gene regulation product the body uses to regulate genes and balance brain messengers. | Reishi | One-Carbon |
| Sesamin-1 | A sesame-seed lignan studied for antioxidant support and balanced fat metabolism. | Lion's Mane | One-Carbon |
| Sesamin-2 | A sesame-seed lignan studied for antioxidant support and balanced fat metabolism. | Lion's Mane | One-Carbon |
| Trimethylamine | A methyl-donor or gene regulation product the body uses to regulate genes and balance brain messengers. | Reishi | One-Carbon |
| γ-Butyrobetaine | A nutrient the body uses as a precursor in carnitine synthesis and methyl-donor reactions. | Reishi | One-Carbon |
| Met | Methionine, an essential sulfur-containing amino acid that feeds the body's methyl-donor (methylation) system. | Lion's Mane | Amino Acid |
Neuroprotection & Brain Health
36 compounds▾
Compounds that protect your brain cells and support healthy brain structure.
| Compound | What It Does | Higher In | Category |
|---|
| 1-Deoxysphingosine-1 | An atypical fatty building block involved in healthy-fat processing and healthy nerve-cell walls. | Lion's Mane | Lipid |
| 1-Deoxysphingosine-2 | A healthy fat metabolite involved in healthy nerve function. | Reishi | Lipid |
| Acylcarnitine(10:0)-1 | A fat-carrier molecule that delivers fat into cells to be burned for brain energy. | Lion's Mane | Energy |
| Acylcarnitine(10:0)-2 | A medium-chain fatty acid carrier supporting burning fat for energy and backup energy production. | Lion's Mane | Energy |
| Acylcarnitine(12:0)-1 | A lauric acid carnitine processed form that supports fat burning for cellular energy. | Reishi | Energy |
| Acylcarnitine(12:0)-2 | A fat-carrier molecule involved in fat processing for energy and energy balance. | Reishi | Energy |
| Acylcarnitine(12:1) | A fat-carrier molecule that reflects the body actively burning fat for energy. | Reishi | Energy |
| Acylcarnitine(14:0)-1 | A fat-carrier molecule that delivers fat into cells to be burned for energy. | Lion's Mane | Energy |
| Acylcarnitine(14:0)-2 | A fat-carrier molecule supporting cell-energy fat burning and neuroprotection. | Reishi | Energy |
| Acylcarnitine(14:1)-1 | A fat-carrier molecule involved in turning fat into cellular energy. | Reishi | Energy |
| Acylcarnitine(14:1)-2 | A fat-carrier molecule supporting neuronal the cell's energy centers and lipid turnover. | Lion's Mane | Energy |
| Acylcarnitine(14:2)-1 | A fat-carrier molecule that reflects the body actively burning fat for energy. | Reishi | Energy |
| Acylcarnitine(14:2)-2 | A dienoyl-carnitine processed form involved in the degradation of unsaturated fatty acids. | Reishi | Energy |
| Acylcarnitine(14:2)-3 | A fat-carrier molecule the body uses while processing fats for energy. | Reishi | Energy |
| Acylcarnitine(14:3) | A trienoyl-carnitine reflecting the burning of fats for energy. | Reishi | Energy |
| Acylcarnitine(16:1)-1 | Carries fatty acids into mitochondria so cells can burn them for energy, supporting brain and muscle. | Reishi | Neuroprotection |
| Acylcarnitine(16:1)-2 | Carries fatty acids into mitochondria so cells can burn them for energy, supporting brain and muscle. | Reishi | Neuroprotection |
| Acylcarnitine(16:2) | Carries fatty acids into mitochondria so cells can burn them for energy, supporting brain and muscle. | Reishi | Neuroprotection |
| Acylcarnitine(17:0) | Carries fatty acids into mitochondria so cells can burn them for energy, supporting brain and muscle. | Lion's Mane | Neuroprotection |
| Acylcarnitine(18:0)-1 | Carries fatty acids into mitochondria so cells can burn them for energy, supporting brain and muscle. | Lion's Mane | Neuroprotection |
| Acylcarnitine(18:0)-2 | Carries fatty acids into mitochondria so cells can burn them for energy, supporting brain and muscle. | Reishi | Neuroprotection |
| Acylcarnitine(18:1) | Carries fatty acids into mitochondria so cells can burn them for energy, supporting brain and muscle. | Lion's Mane | Neuroprotection |
| Acylcarnitine(18:2)-1 | Carries fatty acids into mitochondria so cells can burn them for energy, supporting brain and muscle. | Reishi | Neuroprotection |
| Acylcarnitine(18:2)-2 | Carries fatty acids into mitochondria so cells can burn them for energy, supporting brain and muscle. | Reishi | Neuroprotection |
| Acylcarnitine(20:1) | Carries fatty acids into mitochondria so cells can burn them for energy, supporting brain and muscle. | Lion's Mane | Neuroprotection |
| Carnitine | Carries fatty acids into mitochondria so cells can burn them for energy, supporting brain and muscle. | Reishi | Neuroprotection |
| Linoleyl ethanolamide / N-Acetylsphingosine | A healthy fat that helps build nerve cells and supports how they communicate. | Reishi | Neuroprotection |
| Malonylcarnitine | Carries fatty acids into mitochondria so cells can burn them for energy, supporting brain and muscle. | Reishi | Neuroprotection |
| N-Acetylcarnosine | A form of carnosine, an antioxidant compound found in nerve and eye tissue. | Reishi | Neuroprotection |
| O-Acetylcarnitine | Carries fatty acids into mitochondria so cells can burn them for energy, supporting brain and muscle. | Reishi | Neuroprotection |
| Palmitoylcarnitine | Carries fatty acids into mitochondria so cells can burn them for energy, supporting brain and muscle. | Lion's Mane | Neuroprotection |
| Phytosphingosine | A healthy fat that helps build nerve cells and supports how they communicate. | Reishi | Neuroprotection |
| Sphingomyelin(d18:1 / 18:0) | A healthy fat that helps build nerve cells and supports how they communicate. | Lion's Mane | Neuroprotection |
| Sphingosine | A healthy fat that helps build nerve cells and supports how they communicate. | Reishi | Neuroprotection |
| Sphingosine 1-phosphate | A healthy fat that helps build nerve cells and supports how they communicate. | Lion's Mane | Neuroprotection |
| Sphingosine(d20:1) | A healthy fat that helps build nerve cells and supports how they communicate. | Reishi | Neuroprotection |
Sleep & Circadian Rhythm
★ 9 key29 compounds▾
The natural compounds that guide your sleep, wake cycles, and body clock.
| Compound | What It Does | Higher In | Category |
|---|---|---|---|
| ★3-Hydroxykynurenine | A tryptophan metabolite in the kynurenine pathway, studied in relation to oxidative balance in the brain. | Reishi | Neuroprotective |
| ★6-Hydroxymelatonin | The form the liver makes from melatonin, reflecting melatonin production and circadian rhythm status. | Reishi | Sleep |
| ★Adenosine | A natural compound that builds up while you're awake and signals the brain that it's time for sleep. | Lion's Mane | Sleep |
| ★Cinnamoylglycine | A gut-derived phenolic glycine processed form that reflects microbial metabolism and phase II detoxification. | Reishi | Sleep |
| ★GABA | Gamma-aminobutyric acid, the brain's main inhibitory (calming) neurotransmitter, central to the transition into sleep. | Lion's Mane | Sleep |
| ★Kynurenic acid-1 | A neuroprotective tryptophan metabolite that blocks excitotoxic the brain’s overactive signals. | Reishi | Neuroprotective |
| ★Kynurenic acid-2 | A natural brain compound with a calming effect on brain signals and anti-seizure potential. | Reishi | Neuroprotective |
| ★Kynurenine | A compound the body makes from tryptophan, involved in immune signaling and the kynurenine pathway. | Lion's Mane | Neuroprotective |
| ★Oleamide | A fatty acid amide that accumulates in the brain during wakefulness and is associated with the onset of sleep through the GABA and serotonin systems. | Reishi | Sleep |
| 1-Methylhydantoin / Glycine anhydride | A creatinine-related metabolite involved in nitrogen metabolism and circadian waste clearance. | Reishi | Sleep |
| 2'-Deoxyadenosine / 5'-Deoxyadenosine | A DNA building block that serves as an a compound related to the sleep signal adenosine involved in recycling and sleep signaling. | Lion's Mane | Sleep |
| 2-Quinolinecarboxylic acid | A step the body makes while breaking down the amino acid tryptophan. | Lion's Mane | Other |
| 3-Methylcrotonylglycine-1 | A leucine breakdown byproduct processed with glycine for detoxification and excretion. | Reishi | Sleep |
| 3-Methylcrotonylglycine-2 | An compound from protein breakdown and the cell's energy centers. | Reishi | Sleep |
| 4,6-Dihydroxyquinoline | A quinoline derivative from tryptophan degradation with potential neuromodulatory activity. | Reishi | Other |
| 4-Hydroxyquinoline | A tryptophan breakdown product with antimicrobial properties that helps balance gut-brain signaling. | Reishi | Other |
| N,N-Dimethylglycine | A methyl-donor or gene regulation product the body uses to regulate genes and balance brain messengers. | Reishi | Sleep |
| N-(o-Toluoyl)glycine-1 / Phenaceturic acid-1 | A glycine-linked compound formed as the body processes and clears other molecules. | Lion's Mane | Sleep |
| N-(o-Toluoyl)glycine-2 / Phenaceturic acid-2 | A glycine-linked compound formed as the body processes and clears other molecules. | Lion's Mane | Sleep |
| N-Acetylglycine | A glycine-linked compound formed as the body processes and clears other molecules. | Reishi | Sleep |
| N-Acetyltaurine-1 | A form of taurine, a calming amino acid the body links to relaxation and restful sleep. | Reishi | Sleep |
| N-Acetyltaurine-2 | A form of taurine, a calming amino acid the body links to relaxation and restful sleep. | Reishi | Sleep |
| N-Acetyltryptophan | A form of tryptophan, the amino acid the body converts along the path to serotonin and melatonin for sleep. | Reishi | Sleep |
| N-Hexanoylglycine | A glycine-linked compound formed as the body processes and clears other molecules. | Lion's Mane | Sleep |
| N6-Methyladenosine | A natural sleep-pressure molecule that builds up while you are awake and helps signal the body toward sleep. | Lion's Mane | Sleep |
| Oleamide-1 | A natural fatty acid the body links to drowsiness and the onset of restful sleep. | Reishi | Sleep |
| Oleamide-2 | A natural fatty acid the body links to drowsiness and the onset of restful sleep. | Reishi | Sleep |
| Quinolinic acid | A compound in the tryptophan (kynurenine) pathway, studied in relation to mood and sleep signaling. | Lion's Mane | Sleep |
| Succinyladenosine | A natural sleep-pressure molecule that builds up while you are awake and helps signal the body toward sleep. | Reishi | Sleep |
Neurotransmitter Synthesis
★ 4 key36 compounds▾
The raw materials your body uses to make focus, mood, and calming messengers.
| Compound | What It Does | Higher In | Category |
|---|---|---|---|
| ★Acetylcholine | The primary brain messenger for memory, learning, and muscle control, synthesized from choline and acetyl-CoA. | Lion's Mane | Neurotransmitter |
| ★Adrenaline | Epinephrine, the hormone and brain messenger that drives the fight-or-flight stress response. | Reishi | Neurotransmitter |
| ★Choline | An essential nutrient the body uses to make focus and memory messengers and to build healthy cell walls. | Reishi | Other |
| ★Glycerophosphocholine | A choline-rich nutrient that supports memory, clear thinking, and healthy brain cells. | Lion's Mane | Lipid |
| 1-Hexadecyl-2-acetyl-glycero-3-phosphocholine | Platelet-activating factor (PAF), a potent lipid mediator of inflammation and immune signaling. | Lion's Mane | Lipid |
| 1-Methylhistidine / 3-Methylhistidine | A histidine gene regulation product and sign of dietary meat intake and muscle protein turnover. | Reishi | Other |
| 1-Myristoyl-glycero-3-phosphocholine | A fatty nutrient that supplies choline for the brain's focus messengers and helps repair cell walls. | Reishi | Lipid |
| 1-Oleoyl-glycero-3-phosphocholine | A fatty nutrient that acts as a choline reserve the brain draws on to make its focus messengers. | Reishi | Lipid |
| 1-Palmitoyl-glycero-3-phosphocholine | A fatty nutrient in the blood that delivers choline the brain uses to make its focus messengers. | Lion's Mane | Endocannabinoid Lipid |
| 1-Stearoyl-glycero-3-phosphocholine | A fatty nutrient that helps keep cell walls balanced and carries choline to the brain. | Reishi | Lipid |
| 2-Methylcholine | A close cousin of choline that supports the brain's focus and memory signaling. | Reishi | Other |
| 6-Hydroxydopamine / Noradrenaline | A messenger the body makes from dopamine, studied for its role in focus and alertness. | Reishi | Neurotransmitter |
| Glutamic acid γ-methyl ester / O-Acetylhomoserine / 2-Aminoadipic acid | A glutamate derivative involved in the brain's activating signals and amino acid metabolism. | Reishi | Amino Acid |
| Isoglutamic acid | A form of the amino acid glutamate that helps balance the brain's activating signals and amino acid balance. | Lion's Mane | Amino Acid |
| N,N-Dimethylhistidine | A methylated histidine derivative involved in histamine metabolism and one-carbon cycling. | Reishi | Other |
| N-Acetylaspartylglutamic acid | A building block or messenger the body uses to make and balance brain messengers. | Reishi | Neurotransmitter |
| N-Acetylglutamic acid | A building block or messenger the body uses to make and balance brain messengers. | Reishi | Neurotransmitter |
| N-Acetylhistidine | A building block or messenger the body uses to make and balance brain messengers. | Reishi | Neurotransmitter |
| N-Acetyltyrosine ethyl ester | A building block or messenger the body uses to make and balance brain messengers. | Reishi | Neurotransmitter |
| N-Amidinoglutamic acid | A building block or messenger the body uses to make and balance brain messengers. | Reishi | Neurotransmitter |
| N-Carbamylglutamic acid | A building block or messenger the body uses to make and balance brain messengers. | Reishi | Neurotransmitter |
| N-Formylaspartic acid | A building block or messenger the body uses to make and balance brain messengers. | Lion's Mane | Neurotransmitter |
| N-Formylphenylalanine | A building block or messenger the body uses to make and balance brain messengers. | Reishi | Neurotransmitter |
| N-Lactoylphenylalanine | A building block or messenger the body uses to make and balance brain messengers. | Lion's Mane | Neurotransmitter |
| N-Methylglutamic acid | A building block or messenger the body uses to make and balance brain messengers. | Reishi | Neurotransmitter |
| N-Methyltyramine | A building block or messenger the body uses to make and balance brain messengers. | Reishi | Neurotransmitter |
| Octopamine / Dopamine | A building block or messenger the body uses to make and balance brain messengers. | Reishi | Neurotransmitter |
| Palmitoylcholine | A nutrient the brain uses to make acetylcholine, a messenger for focus and memory. | Reishi | Neurotransmitter |
| Phosphorylcholine | A nutrient the brain uses to make acetylcholine, a messenger for focus and memory. | Reishi | Neurotransmitter |
| Tyramine | A building block or messenger the body uses to make and balance brain messengers. | Reishi | Neurotransmitter |
| threo-3-Hydroxyaspartic acid | A building block or messenger the body uses to make and balance brain messengers. | Reishi | Neurotransmitter |
| threo-β-Methylaspartic acid | A building block or messenger the body uses to make and balance brain messengers. | Reishi | Neurotransmitter |
| Trp | Tryptophan, an essential amino acid the body uses to make serotonin and, from serotonin, melatonin. | Reishi | Amino Acid |
| Tyr | Tyrosine, an amino acid the body uses to make dopamine and other focus and alertness messengers. | Reishi | Amino Acid |
| Phe | Phenylalanine, an essential amino acid the body converts into tyrosine, the starting point for dopamine. | Reishi | Amino Acid |
| Agmatine | A compound the body makes from arginine that acts as a signaling molecule in the brain. | Lion's Mane | Neurotransmitter |
Gut-Brain Axis
★ 4 key30 compounds▾
The compounds your gut bacteria make that talk to your brain.
| Compound | What It Does | Higher In | Category |
|---|---|---|---|
| ★3,4-Dihydroxyphenylacetic acid | A major dopamine metabolite produced by gut bacteria, linking microbial activity to brain chemistry. | Lion's Mane | Other |
| ★5,6-Dihydroxyindole | A melanin building block from dopamine breakdown involved in pigment and cellular balance. | Reishi | Other |
| ★5-Hydroxyindoleacetic acid | The primary serotonin metabolite (5-HIAA), used as a marker of the body's serotonin production. | Lion's Mane | Other |
| ★Benzoic acid | A compound gut bacteria make from dietary polyphenols that supports the body’s natural detox. | Lion's Mane | Other |
| 2,3-Dihydroxybenzoic acid / 2,5-Dihydroxybenzoic acid | A microbial aromatic acid with iron-chelating properties and antioxidant activity in the gut. | Reishi | Other |
| 2,4-Dihydroxybenzoic acid | A phenolic compound produced by gut bacteria from dietary polyphenols with anti-inflammatory effects. | Lion's Mane | Other |
| 2,6-Dihydroxybenzoic acid | A plant acid with antimicrobial properties that helps balance gut microbiota composition. | Lion's Mane | Other |
| 3,5-Dihydroxybenzoic acid | A compound gut bacteria make from flavonoids with antioxidant and gut-supporting effects. | Lion's Mane | Other |
| 3-Hydroxyphenylacetic acid / p-Hydroxyphenylacetic acid | A tyrosine breakdown product produced by intestinal bacteria that reflects gut microbial metabolic activity. | Reishi | Other |
| 4-Hydroxyphenylacetaldehyde | A step the body makes while building its dopamine and adrenaline messengers. | Reishi | Other |
| 5-Hydroxy-2-indolecarboxylic acid-1 | A tryptophan metabolite involved in serotonin breakdown and gut immune signaling. | Reishi | Other |
| 5-Hydroxy-2-indolecarboxylic acid-2 | An indole derivative from microbial tryptophan metabolism with gut-brain signaling roles. | Reishi | Other |
| 5-Methoxyindoleacetic acid-1 | A melatonin metabolite reflecting pineal gland activity and indoleamine metabolism. | Lion's Mane | Other |
| 5-Methoxyindoleacetic acid-2 | An indoleacetic acid derivative from melatonin degradation involved in circadian regulation. | Lion's Mane | Other |
| Atrolactic acid / m-Ethoxybenzoic acid-2 / 3-Phenyllactic acid-2 / p-Methoxyphenylacetic acid-2 | A compound produced by gut microbiota from protein breakdown by gut bacteria. | Lion's Mane | Other |
| Indole-3-acetic acid | A gut-microbe metabolite from the indole family that supports the gut-brain connection. | Reishi | Gut-Brain |
| Indole-3-carboxaldehyde | A gut-microbe metabolite from the indole family that supports the gut-brain connection. | Lion's Mane | Gut-Brain |
| Indole-3-ethanol | A gut-microbe metabolite from the indole family that supports the gut-brain connection. | Reishi | Gut-Brain |
| Indole-3-glyoxylic acid | A gut-microbe metabolite from the indole family that supports the gut-brain connection. | Reishi | Gut-Brain |
| Indole-3-pyruvic acid | A gut-microbe metabolite from the indole family that supports the gut-brain connection. | Lion's Mane | Gut-Brain |
| Indoleacrylic acid | A gut-microbe metabolite from the indole family that supports the gut-brain connection. | Reishi | Gut-Brain |
| Testosterone acetate-1 | A processed form of a steroid hormone involved in energy and body composition. | Reishi | Gut-Brain |
| Testosterone acetate-2 | A processed form of a steroid hormone involved in energy and body composition. | Reishi | Gut-Brain |
| m-Hydroxybenzoic acid / p-Hydroxybenzoic acid | A gut-microbe-derived compound that takes part in gut-brain signaling. | Lion's Mane | Gut-Brain |
| o-Hydroxybenzoic acid | A gut-microbe-derived compound that takes part in gut-brain signaling. | Reishi | Gut-Brain |
| p-Aminobenzoic acid | A gut-microbe-derived compound that takes part in gut-brain signaling. | Reishi | Gut-Brain |
| p-Sulfobenzoic acid | A gut-microbe-derived compound that takes part in gut-brain signaling. | Reishi | Gut-Brain |
| Butyric acid / Isobutyric acid | Butyric acid (butyrate), a short-chain fatty acid that is the main fuel for the cells lining the colon. | Reishi | Lipid |
| Propionic acid | Propionic acid (propionate), a short-chain fatty acid gut bacteria make from fiber, involved in gut and liver signaling. | Reishi | Lipid |
| Isovaleric acid / 2-Methylbutyric acid / Valeric acid | Short-chain fatty acids produced when gut bacteria ferment fiber and protein. | Reishi | Lipid |
Nucleotide Metabolism
★ 4 key29 compounds▾
The building blocks your body uses to make and repair DNA and RNA.
| Compound | What It Does | Higher In | Category |
|---|---|---|---|
| ★5-Methylcytosine | A natural tag on DNA the body uses to quiet certain genes without changing the DNA itself. | Lion's Mane | Other |
| ★Adenine | A core building block the body uses to make and repair DNA, RNA, and cellular energy. | Reishi | Other |
| ★Cytidine | A natural building block the body uses to make healthy brain cells and cell walls. | Lion's Mane | Other |
| ★Cytosine | A core building block of DNA and RNA that also helps the body control which genes turn on. | Reishi | Other |
| 2'-Deoxycytidine | A DNA building block involved in recycling and essential for DNA replication and repair. | Lion's Mane | Other |
| 2'-Deoxyinosine | A building block DNA building block from adenosine deamination involved in building block recycling. | Reishi | Other |
| 2'-Deoxyuridine | A natural building block the body uses to make and repair DNA. | Reishi | Other |
| 2'-O-Methylcytidine | A modified building block that helps keep RNA stable and supports gene control. | Lion's Mane | Other |
| 2,4-Dihydroxypyrimidine-5-carboxylic acid | A building block breakdown product involved in uracil breakdown and nitrogen recycling. | Reishi | Other |
| 3-Methyladenine | A modified building block involved in DNA repair signaling and autophagy regulation in cells. | Lion's Mane | Other |
| 5-Methyl-2'-deoxycytidine | A tagged DNA building block the body uses to control which genes are active. | Reishi | Other |
| 5-Methylcytidine | A modified building block that helps the body control which genes turn on and keeps RNA stable. | Lion's Mane | Other |
| 7-Methylguanine | A modified building block that helps keep the body's genetic messages stable and readable. | Reishi | Other |
| Arabinosylhypoxanthine | A building block analog involved in building block metabolism and potential immune balance. | Reishi | Other |
| Argpyrimidine | An advanced glycation product of arginine and methylglyoxal, a marker of metabolic stress. | Reishi | Other |
| Guanine | A building block the body uses to make and repair DNA and RNA. | Reishi | Nucleotide |
| Guanosine | A building block the body uses to make and repair DNA and RNA. | Lion's Mane | Nucleotide |
| Hypoxanthine | A building block the body uses to make and repair DNA and RNA. | Reishi | Nucleotide |
| Inosine | A building block the body uses to make and repair DNA and RNA. | Reishi | Nucleotide |
| N1-Methylguanosine | A building block the body uses to make and repair DNA and RNA. | Lion's Mane | Nucleotide |
| N2,N2-Dimethylguanosine | A methyl-donor or gene regulation product the body uses to regulate genes and balance brain messengers. | Lion's Mane | Nucleotide |
| N2-Methylguanine | A building block the body uses to make and repair DNA and RNA. | Reishi | Nucleotide |
| N6-Methyladenine | A building block the body uses to make and repair DNA and RNA. | Reishi | Nucleotide |
| Tetrahydrouridine | A building block the body uses to make and repair DNA and RNA. | Reishi | Nucleotide |
| Thymidine | A building block the body uses to make and repair DNA and RNA. | Lion's Mane | Nucleotide |
| Thymine | A building block the body uses to make and repair DNA and RNA. | Reishi | Nucleotide |
| Uracil | A building block the body uses to make and repair DNA and RNA. | Reishi | Nucleotide |
| Uridine | A building block the body uses to make and repair DNA and RNA. | Lion's Mane | Nucleotide |
| Xanthine | A building block the body uses to make and repair DNA and RNA. | Reishi | Nucleotide |
Steroid & Hormone Metabolism
★ 3 key27 compounds▾
The hormones and their building blocks that shape stress, mood, and balance.
| Compound | What It Does | Higher In | Category |
|---|---|---|---|
| ★Aldosterone | A hormone that helps the body manage salt, water, and blood pressure. | Lion's Mane | Other |
| ★Cortisone | An inactive form of the stress hormone cortisol that the body switches on in tissues to help control inflammation. | Lion's Mane | Other |
| ★Dehydroisoandrosterone 3-sulfate-1 | DHEA-S, the most abundant circulating steroid that serves as a building block for sex hormones and has neuroprotective effects. | Reishi | Other |
| 11α-Hydroxyprogesterone / 11β-Hydroxyprogesterone | A hydroxylated progesterone metabolite involved in adrenal steroid production pathways. | Reishi | Other |
| 11β-Hydroxyandrost-4-ene-3,17-dione | An adrenal androgen metabolite involved in cortisol and sex hormone production. | Lion's Mane | Other |
| 17α-Hydroxyprogesterone | A steroid hormone building block essential for cortisol and sex hormone production. | Reishi | Other |
| 18-Hydroxycorticosterone | A building block the body uses to make hormones that help regulate blood pressure. | Reishi | Other |
| 19-Hydroxyandrostenedione | A raw material the body uses when making estrogen. | Reishi | Other |
| 19-Hydroxytestosterone | A step the body uses when converting testosterone into estrogen. | Lion's Mane | Other |
| 2-Hydroxyestradiol | A catechol estrogen with antioxidant properties involved in estrogen metabolism and detoxification. | Reishi | Other |
| 20α-Hydroxyprogesterone | A progesterone metabolite reflecting progesterone clearance and luteal phase activity. | Lion's Mane | Other |
| 21-Deoxycortisol-1 | A cortisol building block that accumulates in certain adrenal enzyme deficiencies. | Lion's Mane | Other |
| 21-Deoxycortisol-2 / Corticosterone / Cortexolone | A step the body uses to make its stress hormones from cholesterol. | Reishi | Other |
| 4-Androstene-3,17-dione | Androstenedione, a key androgen building block converted to testosterone and estrogen in target tissues. | Reishi | Other |
| 5β-Tetrahydrocortisol | A major cortisol metabolite reflecting HPA axis activity and stress hormone clearance. | Reishi | Other |
| Dehydroisoandrosterone 3-sulfate-2 | A steroid hormone or building block involved in the body's stress, energy, and hormonal balance. | Reishi | Steroid |
| Dehydroisoandrosterone 3-sulfate-3 | A steroid hormone or building block involved in the body's stress, energy, and hormonal balance. | Reishi | Steroid |
| Deoxycorticosterone | A building block the body uses to make and repair DNA and RNA. | Lion's Mane | Steroid |
| Ethynyl estradiol-1 | A steroid hormone or building block involved in the body's stress, energy, and hormonal balance. | Reishi | Steroid |
| Ethynyl estradiol-2 | A steroid hormone or building block involved in the body's stress, energy, and hormonal balance. | Reishi | Steroid |
| Hydroxyprogesterone caproate | A steroid hormone form involved in the body's hormonal signaling. | Reishi | Steroid |
| Medroxyprogesterone | A steroid hormone form involved in the body's hormonal signaling. | Reishi | Steroid |
| Methoxyestradiol | A steroid hormone or building block involved in the body's stress, energy, and hormonal balance. | Reishi | Steroid |
| Pregnenolone sulfate | A steroid hormone or building block involved in the body's stress, energy, and hormonal balance. | Reishi | Steroid |
| Progesterone-1 | A steroid hormone form involved in the body's hormonal signaling. | Reishi | Steroid |
| Progesterone-2 | A steroid hormone form involved in the body's hormonal signaling. | Reishi | Steroid |
| Testosterone | A processed form of a steroid hormone involved in energy and body composition. | Reishi | Steroid |
Polyphenols & Flavonoids
★ 7 key24 compounds▾
Plant antioxidants that help protect your cells from everyday wear.
| Compound | What It Does | Higher In | Category |
|---|---|---|---|
| ★Bisdemethoxycurcumin | The most potent curcuminoid for anti-inflammatory activity, inhibiting NF-κB and COX-2 pathways. | Lion's Mane | Other |
| ★Catechin gallate | A polyphenol ester with potent antioxidant activity that supports cardiovascular and brain health. | Lion's Mane | Other |
| ★Curcumin | The primary bioactive in turmeric with powerful anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and neuroprotective properties. | Reishi | Other |
| ★Daidzein-1 | A natural soy compound that supports bone and heart health. | Lion's Mane | Other |
| ★Daidzein-2 | A plant compound metabolized by gut bacteria into equol, with enhanced estrogenic and antioxidant effects. | Lion's Mane | Other |
| ★Epicatechin-1 | A flavan-3-ol found in green tea and cocoa, studied in vascular and cognitive research. | Lion's Mane | Other |
| ★Epicatechin-2 | A plant antioxidant with heart-supporting effects and support for healthy blood flow. | Lion's Mane | Other |
| 3',4',5,7-Tetramethoxyflavone-1 | A polymethoxylated flavone with enhanced bioavailability and anti-inflammatory activity. | Reishi | Other |
| 3',4',5,7-Tetramethoxyflavone-2 | A plant antioxidant with antioxidant and potential neuroprotective properties. | Reishi | Other |
| 3,5,7,4'-Tetramethoxyflavone | A fully methylated flavone studied for its membrane permeability and antioxidant properties. | Lion's Mane | Other |
| 3,5,7-Trimethoxyflavone-1 | A trimethoxylated flavone with antioxidant properties and enhanced cellular uptake. | Reishi | Other |
| 3,5,7-Trimethoxyflavone-2 | A plant antioxidant studied for anti-inflammatory and protective effects. | Reishi | Other |
| 5,7-Dimethoxyflavone-1 | A chrysin derivative with improved bioavailability that helps balance the brain’s calming signals for anxiolytic effects. | Lion's Mane | Other |
| 5,7-Dimethoxyflavone-2 | A methoxylated chrysin analog with enhanced blood-brain barrier penetration and neuroprotective activity. | Lion's Mane | Other |
| Datiscetin / Kaempferol | A flavonol related to kaempferol with antioxidant activity and potential anti-allergic properties. | Lion's Mane | Other |
| Epigallocatechin gallate | The signature green-tea catechin (EGCG), studied for strong antioxidant activity. | Lion's Mane | Polyphenols |
| Epigallocatechin-1 | A plant polyphenol studied for its antioxidant activity. | Reishi | Polyphenols |
| Epigallocatechin-2 | A plant polyphenol studied for its antioxidant activity. | Lion's Mane | Polyphenols |
| Gallocatechin | A plant polyphenol studied for its antioxidant activity. | Lion's Mane | Polyphenols |
| Genistein-1 | A plant polyphenol studied for its antioxidant activity. | Lion's Mane | Polyphenols |
| Genistein-2 | A plant polyphenol studied for its antioxidant activity. | Reishi | Polyphenols |
| Quercetin | A plant flavonoid studied for its antioxidant and calming, anti-inflammatory support. | Reishi | Polyphenols |
| Quercetin 3-rutinoside | A plant flavonoid studied for its antioxidant and calming, anti-inflammatory support. | Lion's Mane | Polyphenols |
| Resveratrol | A plant polyphenol found in grapes, studied for antioxidant support and healthy aging. | Reishi | Polyphenols |
Energy & Mitochondrial Function
★ 6 key24 compounds▾
The compounds your cells use to turn food into usable energy.
| Compound | What It Does | Higher In | Category |
|---|---|---|---|
| ★ADP | Adenosine diphosphate, the raw material for the cell’s energy-making machinery that drives energy production in the cell's power centers. | Reishi | Energy |
| ★AMP | Adenosine monophosphate, an energy sensor that helps regulate the body’s metabolism and the making of new cell energy centers. | Lion's Mane | Energy |
| ★Campesterol | A plant sterol involved in membrane structure, studied in relation to cholesterol absorption. | Reishi | Energy Lipid |
| ★Citric acid | The first step in the body's energy cycle, helping cells turn food into usable energy. | Reishi | Energy |
| ★Coenzyme Q10 | An essential electron carrier in the the cell's energy centers that generates cellular ATP. | Lion's Mane | Other |
| ★Fumaric acid | A step in the body's energy (citric acid) cycle, involved in cellular energy production. | Lion's Mane | Other |
| 2-Oxoglutaric acid | A central hub in how cells make energy and use protein building blocks. | Lion's Mane | Amino Acid |
| 3',5'-ADP | A small fragment the body recycles to help keep its cellular energy supply running. | Reishi | Energy |
| 3'-AMP | A building block the body recycles to help renew its cellular energy supply. | Lion's Mane | Energy |
| Adenylosuccinic acid | A building block production step linking IMP to AMP production for energy molecule generation. | Reishi | Other |
| Benzylsuccinic acid | A microbial toluene breakdown product used as a sign of anaerobic aromatic compound metabolism. | Lion's Mane | Other |
| Deamido-NAD+ | A building block the body uses to make a key cellular energy helper that powers the mitochondria. | Lion's Mane | Energy |
| Fumaric acid monomethyl ester | A fumarate derivative with immunomodulatory effects that activates the Nrf2 antioxidant pathway. | Lion's Mane | Other |
| Guanidinosuccinic acid | An uremic toxin and arginine metabolite that reflects kidney function and nitrogen metabolism. | Reishi | Other |
| Homocitric acid | A citric acid homolog involved in lysine production in fungi and cellular energy cycle-related metabolism. | Reishi | Energy |
| Isocitric acid | A step in the body's energy cycle the body uses to generate cellular energy. | Reishi | Energy |
| N2-Succinylornithine | An organic-acid step the body uses in its energy and amino-acid metabolism. | Reishi | Energy |
| Nα-Succinylarginine | An organic-acid step the body uses in its energy and amino-acid metabolism. | Reishi | Energy |
| Succinic acid | A step in the body's energy cycle the body uses to generate cellular energy. | Reishi | Energy |
| Succinic semialdehyde | An organic-acid step the body uses in its energy and amino-acid metabolism. | Lion's Mane | Energy |
| Succinylacetone | An organic-acid step the body uses in its energy and amino-acid metabolism. | Lion's Mane | Energy |
| cAMP | A building block the body uses to store and transfer cellular energy. | Reishi | Energy |
| Creatinine | A natural breakdown product of creatine, the molecule muscles use for quick bursts of energy. | Reishi | Energy |
| Lactic acid | A product of cells making quick energy, also made by the lactic acid bacteria in fermented foods. | Reishi | Energy |
Vitamins & Cofactors
★ 8 key14 compounds▾
The essential vitamins and helper molecules your body needs to function.
| Compound | What It Does | Higher In | Category |
|---|---|---|---|
| ★1-Methylnicotinamide | A metabolite of niacin (vitamin B3), studied in vascular and anti-inflammatory research. | Lion's Mane | Other |
| ★4-Pyridoxic acid | The form the body clears from vitamin B6, used as a sign of B6 status and metabolism. | Reishi | Vitamin |
| ★Dethiobiotin | A step the body uses to make biotin (vitamin B7), essential for carboxylase enzymes. | Lion's Mane | Vitamin |
| ★Ergocalciferol-2 | Vitamin D2, produced by UV irradiation of ergosterol in mushrooms; supports calcium absorption and immune function. | Reishi | Vitamin |
| ★Nicotinic acid | Niacin (vitamin B3), which the body needs to make cellular energy and support healthy fats. | Reishi | Other |
| ★Pyridoxal | An active form of vitamin B6 that the body relies on for over 140 everyday reactions. | Lion's Mane | Vitamin |
| ★Pyridoxine | Vitamin B6, which the body needs to make calming and mood messengers like serotonin, dopamine, and GABA. | Lion's Mane | Vitamin |
| ★Riboflavin | Vitamin B2, which the body uses to make the helper molecules (cofactors) that power cell energy reactions. | Reishi | Vitamin |
| 6-Hydroxynicotinic acid | A niacin breakdown product from vitamin B3 metabolism via the kynurenine pathway. | Reishi | Other |
| Isonicotinamide / Nicotinamide | A form of vitamin B3 the body uses to make cellular energy and support healthy aging. | Lion's Mane | Other |
| Isonicotinic acid | A relative of niacin (vitamin B3) involved in the body's energy production. | Reishi | Other |
| N-Methylnicotinamide | A methylated niacin metabolite that reflects vitamin B3 status and gene regulation capacity. | Reishi | Other |
| Retinol-1 | Vitamin A, critical for vision, immune function, gene expression, and cellular differentiation. | Reishi | Other |
| Retinol-2 | A form of vitamin An involved in vitamin A signaling, skin health, and healthy skin and tissue. | Reishi | Other |
Antioxidant & Redox Balance
★ 8 key11 compounds▾
Compounds that protect your cells from damage and keep them in balance.
| Compound | What It Does | Higher In | Category |
|---|---|---|---|
| ★Ascorbic acid | Vitamin C, a powerful antioxidant that supports healthy skin, collagen, and immune defense. | Reishi | Vitamin Antioxidant |
| ★Hippuric acid | A benzoate-glycine processed form reflecting gut microbial activity and hepatic detoxification capacity. | Reishi | Other |
| ★Lauric acid | A medium-chain fatty acid with antimicrobial properties that supports immune function and gut health. | Reishi | Other |
| ★Ophthalmic acid | An antioxidant-related compound used as a biomarker for cell stress and low antioxidant levels in the liver. | Reishi | Other |
| ★α-Tocopherol | The most biologically active form of vitamin E, an antioxidant involved in protecting cell membranes. | Lion's Mane | Vitamin Antioxidant |
| ★α-Tocopherol acetate | A stabilized vitamin E ester that is hydrolyzed in the body to release active α-tocopherol. | Lion's Mane | Vitamin Antioxidant |
| ★γ-Tocopherol-1 | A vitamin E form with unique anti-inflammatory properties via trapping reactive nitrogen species. | Lion's Mane | Vitamin Antioxidant |
| ★γ-Tocopherol-2 | A form of vitamin E that complements α-tocopherol in neutralizing harmful free radicals. | Reishi | Vitamin Antioxidant |
| 4-Hydroxyhippuric acid | A phase II detoxification product from gut microbial metabolism of dietary polyphenols. | Reishi | Other |
| Ascorbate 2-phosphate | A stable phosphorylated form of vitamin C that serves as an intracellular antioxidant reservoir. | Reishi | Vitamin Antioxidant |
| Cyanuric acid | A triazine compound involved in nitrogen metabolism with potential applications in urea cycle studies. | Lion's Mane | Other |
Endocannabinoid System
★ 4 key14 compounds▾
Your body's natural calm-and-balance compounds.
| Compound | What It Does | Higher In | Category |
|---|---|---|---|
| ★N-Oleoylserine | A lipid amide that helps balance bone formation, vascular tone, and endocannabinoid-like signaling. | Reishi | Other |
| ★Oleoyl ethanolamide | An endocannabinoid-like lipid involved in appetite and energy-balance signaling through PPAR-alpha. | Reishi | Endocannabinoid |
| ★Anandamide | An endocannabinoid the body makes naturally, sometimes called the bliss molecule, that acts on the CB1 and CB2 receptors of the endocannabinoid system. | Reishi | Endocannabinoid |
| ★Palmitoylethanolamide | A natural fatty acid amide in the endocannabinoid family, studied in inflammation and nerve-signaling research. | Reishi | Endocannabinoid |
| AEA(18:3)-1 | An anandamide-type endocannabinoid built on linolenic acid, part of the body's endocannabinoid system. | Reishi | Endocannabinoid |
| AEA(18:3)-2 | An anandamide-type endocannabinoid involved in the body's endocannabinoid signaling. | Reishi | Endocannabinoid |
| AEA(20:3) | A natural calming fat that helps balance the body's relaxation and comfort signals. | Reishi | Endocannabinoid |
| AEA(20:5) | A natural calming fat with soothing, anti-inflammatory effects. | Reishi | Endocannabinoid |
| AEA(22:4) | A natural calming fat involved in the body's relaxation and balance signals. | Reishi | Endocannabinoid |
| AEA(22:6)-1 | A DHA-derived endocannabinoid (synaptamide) studied in neurodevelopment research. | Lion's Mane | Endocannabinoid |
| AEA(22:6)-2 | A natural calming fat with neuroprotective and brain-calming effects. | Reishi | Endocannabinoid |
| Stearoyl ethanolamide | A fatty acid amide in the endocannabinoid family, involved in inflammation and nerve signaling. | Reishi | Endocannabinoid |
| Linoleyl ethanolamide | An endocannabinoid-like fatty acid amide involved in the body's pain and inflammation signaling. | Reishi | Endocannabinoid |
| N-Oleoylglycine | A fatty acid amide studied in relation to the endocannabinoid system. | Reishi | Endocannabinoid |
Carbohydrate Metabolism
★ 2 key2 compounds▾
The sugars and related compounds your body uses for energy.
| Compound | What It Does | Higher In | Category |
|---|---|---|---|
| ★Sucrose 6'-phosphate | A phosphorylated sugar step in sucrose production and carbohydrate energy storage. | Reishi | Other |
| ★Trehalose 6-phosphate | A sugar phosphate that signals carbon availability and protects proteins during cellular stress. | Lion's Mane | Other |
Other Metabolic Pathways
16 compounds▾
Additional metabolites we mapped that don't fall into one specific group.
| Compound | What It Does | Higher In | Category |
|---|
| 1,3-Diaminopropane | A polyamine building block involved in cell growth, gene expression, and spermidine production. | Reishi | Other |
| 1-Aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid | The direct used by the body to make the plant hormone ethylene, also found in fungi with signaling roles. | Lion's Mane | Other |
| 1-Deoxynojirimycin | A natural glucose analog that inhibits alpha-glucosidase, reducing carbohydrate absorption. | Reishi | Other |
| 1-Deoxysphinganine | An atypical fatty building block linked to metabolic syndrome and sensory neuropathy when elevated. | Reishi | Other |
| 10-Hydroxydecanoic acid | A hydroxylated medium-chain fatty acid with antimicrobial and anti-inflammatory properties. | Lion's Mane | Other |
| 10-Hydroxyoctadecanoic acid-1 | A hydroxylated stearic acid involved in lipid signaling and skin barrier function. | Reishi | Other |
| 10-Hydroxyoctadecanoic acid-2 | A fatty acid with potential roles in inflammatory balance and lipid metabolism. | Reishi | Other |
| 16-Epiestriol | A form of the hormone estriol involved in estrogen metabolism and hormonal balance. | Reishi | Other |
| 16-Hydroxyhexadecanoic acid-1 | A hydroxylated palmitic acid involved in cutin production and lipid barrier formation. | Reishi | Other |
| 16-Hydroxyhexadecanoic acid-2 | A fatty acid the body uses to build its protective outer layers. | Reishi | Other |
| 16α-Hydroxyestrone | An estrogen metabolite associated with estrogenic activity and hormone detoxification pathways. | Reishi | Other |
| 1H-Imidazole-4-propionic acid | A histamine-related imidazole compound involved in histidine breakdown and immune signaling. | Reishi | Other |
| 2,6-Diaminopimelic acid | A lysine production step unique to bacteria and fungi, involved in cell wall construction. | Lion's Mane | Other |
| 2-Aminoisobutyric acid / 2-Aminobutyric acid | A non-proteinogenic amino acid involved in protein stability, used as a thyroid function marker. | Reishi | Other |
| 2-Carboxybenzaldehyde | A step in the body’s processing of certain compounds and clearing outside substances. | Lion's Mane | Other |
| Phytic acid | Phytic acid, the storage form of phosphorus in plants and fungi, which binds minerals such as iron and zinc. | Lion's Mane | Other |
Questions people ask about sleep, focus and gut chemistry
Plain answers, linked to the compounds and pathways above.
Sleep
Why do I feel sleepy at night, and why does coffee hide it?
The main driver is adenosine. It builds up in the brain as a byproduct of energy use while you are awake, which is what sleep researchers call sleep pressure, and sleep clears it. Caffeine blocks adenosine's receptors, so you stop feeling the pressure even though the adenosine is still there. Adenosine and its building blocks, adenine and hypoxanthine, are among the compounds mapped in AHARA's extracts. Adenosine in the encyclopedia
What is oleamide?
Oleamide is a fatty acid amide the body makes from oleic acid, the main fat in olive oil. It was first found building up in the fluid around the brain during long periods of wakefulness and clearing after rest, which is why it is described as one of the brain's own sleep signals. It is studied alongside the GABA and serotonin systems, and most of the research so far is in animals. Oleamide was identified in AHARA's Reishi extract at higher levels than in Lion's Mane. Oleamide in the encyclopedia
How is melatonin different from sleep pressure?
Melatonin is a timing signal: it tells the body when night is. Sleep pressure, driven by adenosine, is how much the brain needs to sleep. The body makes melatonin from serotonin, which it makes from the amino acid tryptophan. The Sleep and Circadian Rhythm pathway in the encyclopedia shows the compounds involved in both systems. Sleep and Circadian Rhythm pathway
Focus
What do alpha-GPC and citicoline have in common?
Both deliver choline, the raw material the brain uses to make acetylcholine, the neurotransmitter behind attention, learning and memory. Alpha-GPC is glycerophosphocholine; citicoline (CDP-choline) also supplies cytidine. AHARA's Lion's Mane extract naturally contains this whole chain: glycerophosphocholine, cytidine, choline, acetylcholine and uridine. Glycerophosphocholine in the encyclopedia
What is acetylcholine?
Acetylcholine is the brain messenger most closely tied to attention, learning and memory, and it also controls muscle movement. The body builds it from choline and acetyl-CoA, which is why choline intake matters for focus. Acetylcholine in the encyclopedia
What does tyrosine do in the brain?
Tyrosine is an amino acid the body uses to make dopamine, along with other messengers tied to alertness and motivation. The body can also make tyrosine from phenylalanine. Both amino acids were measured in AHARA's extracts. Tyrosine in the encyclopedia
Gut
What are short-chain fatty acids?
Short-chain fatty acids such as butyrate and propionate are made when gut bacteria ferment fiber the body cannot digest on its own. Butyrate is the main fuel for the cells lining the colon, and propionate is absorbed and acts as a signal in the liver. Butyric, propionic and valeric acids were all detected in AHARA's extracts. Gut-Brain Axis pathway
What is a prebiotic?
A prebiotic is something your gut microbes selectively use that gives a health benefit, which is a stricter definition than any fiber. Probiotics add bacteria; prebiotics feed the ones already there. AHARA's extracts naturally contain sugars and polyols gut bacteria can ferment, including trehalose, mannitol and myo-inositol. Carbohydrate Metabolism pathway
How do gut bacteria talk to the brain?
Mostly through the compounds they make. Gut bacteria turn fiber, polyphenols and amino acids into small molecules such as short-chain fatty acids and dopamine and serotonin breakdown products, some of which signal to the brain through the bloodstream and the vagus nerve. Most of the body's serotonin is made in the gut, although gut serotonin does not cross into the brain directly. Gut-Brain Axis pathway
